Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) refers to diverse group of cancers that are all biologically unique. Finding the subtype of non- Hodgkin's lymphoma is crucial, in addition to figuring out if the cancer is aggressive or indolent, T-cell, B-cell, or natural killer cell lymphoma. This is because each subtype has a range of possible behaviors and therapies. This justifies the requirement for a precise and detailed diagnosis that is specific to the subtype and lists the molecular prognostic markers. Therefore, in the cases of oral lymphomas, an immediate histological and immunohistochemical investigation had to be conducted.
Case presentation: A 39- year old Egyptian female patient complained of painful swelling in the left side of the mandible for two months. Biopsy was taken then processed, stained with H&E stain and examined under light microscope. A panel of markers was performed including vimentin, LCA (CD45), CD20, CD15, CD3, and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). Strong immunopositivity was detected with vimentin, CD45, CD20, and CD15. CD3 and EMA showed immunonegativity of the tumor cells. The histopathology and immunohistochemistry were consistent with DLBCL.
Conclusions: Histological analysis of suspected oral lesions is always mandatory. Using panel of immunohistochemical biomarkers is important in diagnosis hematological tumors.