Background: In neonatal intensive care units, peripherally implanted central catheters are a vital tool that is commonly used for critically ill neonates who require ongoing monitoring and resuscitation procedures. One of the active learning techniques that promote learning, enhance innate cognitive capacity, and increase memory recall is the mind map. Aim: To evaluate the effect of mind mapping application on pediatric nurses' performance regarding peripherally inserted central catheters in the neonatal intensive care unit.  Subjects and method: Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used to fulfill the aim of this study.  Setting: the study was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit, at Sohag University Hospital. Subjects: A convenient sample of all available nurses (50) working in the above-mentioned study setting. Tools: Three tools were used for data collection: Tool (I): A structured interviewing questionnaire which consisted of two parts; part (1) Demographic data of the nurses; part (2) nurses' opinion regarding the utilization of the mind mapping application in training. Tool (II): Nurses' knowledge about peripherally inserted central catheters and mind mapping application (pre/post), Tool (III): Observational checklist (pre/post). Results: There was a highly statistically significant difference between total knowledge of mind mapping and pediatric nurses' practice regarding peripherally inserted central catheters. Conclusion: According to the current study, mind mapping improved the performance of pediatric nurses in the neonatal intensive care unit concerning peripherally implanted central catheters. Recommendations: According to the study, mind mapping should be used as an instructional strategy in pediatric nurse education and training.