Background: Asthma is a frequent and potentially serious chronic disease that places a considerable burden on patients, their families and society. Aim: To assess Patients' knowledge and practice regarding bronchial asthma self -care management. Design: A descriptive explorative design was utilized for the conduction of this study. Setting: the study was conducted at (chest department & outpatient clinics) for bronchial asthma affiliated El- Fayoum University hospital, Egypt. Sample of study: A convenient sample of 100 patients with bronchial asthma Tools: Data were obtained through three main tools; Patients' interview questionnaire, patients' knowledge regarding asthma self-care management questionnaire and patients' observational practice checklist. Results: Mean age of patients under study was 31.5±7.41, while 63% of the studied patients were males and 70% of them were read and write .Also 69 % of the studied patient's had unsatisfactory level of knowledge regarding bronchial asthma and self-care management and 72% of the studied patients had unsatisfactory level of practice regarding bronchial asthma self-care management. Conclusion: Majority of the patients were having an unsatisfactory knowledge and practice regarding bronchial asthma and self-care management, but there was a positive correlation between patients' knowledge and practice which supported the research question. Recommendations: Develop and implement an educational program based on patients' learning needs regarding bronchial asthma.