This research aimed mainly at rural women's knowledge of the preventive and curative role of some medicinal and aromatic plants in Qalin District, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, and a village was randomly selected from the selected District 280 female holders and the wives of a holder, A random sample was selected in the selected village from the female holders and the wives of the holders. The size of the sample was determined according to the Craigsey and Morgan equation table, so it reached 163 female holders and the wives of a holder, and the data were collected necessary to achieve the objectives of the research by using a personal interview questionnaire form, and this has been used percentages, and the arithmetic mean, and standard deviation, and the simple correlation coefficient, and the coefficient of multiple regression, and the most important results were that about 89%, and about 91%, and about 88%, and about 86%, and about 81%, and about 88 %, 87%, 68.5%, about 78%, and 76.5% of the respondents fell into the low and medium knowledge categories regarding the preventive and therapeutic role of medicinal and aromatic plants such as chili, hibiscus, fenugreek, mint, marjoram, rosemary, thyme, and sage, fennel, and turmeric, respectively, and the results indicate that the independent variables together explain 27.2% of rural women's knowledge of the preventive and curative role of some medicinal and aromatic plants, based on the value of the coefficient of determination ( R2) value.