Background: Shaken Infant Syndrome is subtype of abusive head trauma that occurs when parents violently shake their infant as a result of inconsolable crying. Despite of its high morbidity and mortality, it is a preventable health problem. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of educational program on mothers' perception and practices regarding crying and Shaken Infant Syndrome. Subjects and Method: Research design: A quasi experimental research design was used; the study was conducted at outpatient and inpatient pediatric medical department at Tanta Main University Hospital. Subjects: Sixty mothers and their infants were selected randomly. Three tools were used for data collection: Tool I: Structured interview schedule, mothers' perception regarding crying and Shaken Infant Syndrome, Tool II: Crying and shaking scale and Tool III: mothers' reported practices regarding crying and Shaken Infant Syndrome. Results: Represented that two third of mothers had poor perception and majority of them had unsatisfactory reported practices before educational program while immediately and after 2 weeks the total scores of mothers' perception and reported practices were improved. Conclusion: There was a significant improvement in mothers' perception and reported practices regarding crying and Shaken Infant Syndrome after educational program. Recommendations: Continuous health education program should be applied in health care settings for mothers of infants who are less than one year to improve their perception and practices regarding crying and Shaken Infant Syndrome