Background: Medication errors are potentially more harmful and have a higher incidence rate in the pediatric population than adult population. Nurses frequently administer medications in inpatient healthcare settings,more errors occur in the intensive care unit. They are the last line of defense to safeguard against medication errors. Aim of this study: - was to determine the effect of implementing practice guidelines regarding medication administration iatrogenic events on nurses' performance at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Subjects and method: -The study was conducted at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of El-Mabarra hospital .A quasi-experiment design was used. Sample: -all nurses working in the previously mention sitting were included in this study (50 nurses). Tools: - two tools were used to collect the required data; Structured questionnaire schedule to assess nurses' knowledge (tool I). Observational checklist to assess nurses' performance regarding medication administration (tool II). Results of the study revealed that, before practice guidelines the total knowledge scores of all nurses were poor while as all of them had good score immediately after and 70% after three months of implementing practice guidelines. Total practice scores of all nurses (100%) were good immediately and 50% after three months. Conclusion:- the practice guidelines program was effective in improving nurses' knowledge and their practice as well as reducing medication administration errors. Recommendations:- were suggested to establish continuous evaluation system to evaluate nurses' practice in pediatric care settings especially for
medication administration; Medication administration educational program should be included in all nursing schools and curriculum.