Abstract Aims of the study were to determine the hospital based rate of C.S at Assiut Women's Health Hospital and assess the effect of C.S on demand on increasing C.S rate. Setting: This study was conducted at Assiut Women's Health Hospital, postpartum unit .Sample: A convenience sample (1500) of all postpartum women who had C.S during a three months period. Design: A cross –sectional descriptive study design was used in this study. Results: Cesarean section rate in hospital was 47.3% at 2016 and cesarean section on demand accounts for about 5.5% of the rate of C.S and in the present study findings. Conclusion: C.S which was done on maternal demand was accounted for 5.5%, as it might increase the rate of hospital based rate of C.S. Recommendations: Implementation of counseling sessions for pregnant women to improve awareness of vaginal delivery benefits, indications for C.S and the consequences of performing an elective or an unnecessary C.S.