Physical restraint is often seen as a simple solution to maintain patient comfort and safety in the intensive care unit, physical restraint is always accompanied by risk of complication Preventing and protecting the patient from harm are central nursing responsibilities for individuals who are temporarily incapacitated. Aims of study assess the Nurses' Knowledge and Performance about Physical Restraints in Critical ill Patients. (Design) The descriptive research design. (Setting) This study was carried out in the Trauma Intensive Care Unit at Assiut University Hospitals. (Sample) The sample of this study was consisted of 60 nurses. (Tools) two main tools used in this study. Tool I: Physical Restraints knowledge questionnaire. Tool II Observational checklist Tool. Main results the current study demonstrated that the majority of the study sample (70%) was having a satisfactory level of knowledge in all items, and more than half of nurses (68.3%) had an unsatisfactory level of Performance in all items. There were statically significant differences between years' experience, qualification and nurses' knowledge, nurses' performance of the trauma intensive care unit. Recommendation Provide training programs to update critical care nurses' knowledge and performance about new physical restraint. Booklets about physical restraint should be available in each department, ICU