Background: One in 10 elderly people worldwide have kidney disease, according to the first detailed global report on care delivery for kidney disease, family caregivers of hemodialysis patients experience high levels of burden. Aim of the study to assess family caregivers' burden of hemodialysis elderly patients Subjects and method: This study included 83 family caregivers were participated in the study. Descriptive research design carried out in the present study for hemodialysis patients' family caregivers within all hemodialysis units at Assiut city. Convenient sample are used in this study by total coverage technique. An interview questionnaire designed by the researchers after reviewed the related literature; it was structured into three parts: Part (1): Care givers personal data and properties, Part (2): Caregivers knowledge about CKD, Part (3):Zarit Sh Caregiver Burden Scale that used to assess caregivers' burden.. Results: Only 1.2% of caregivers had mild burden& 71.1%had severe burden. Conclusion: it is concluded that there was a high percent of studied caregivers had severe burden, also 38.6% of them had good knowledge. Recommendations: Involving family caregivers counseling and coping mechanisms regarding hemodialysis elderly patients to decrease burden's level.