Diseases should be arranged as one of lines of management. The aim of this study was to assess mother's role in caring their children with ophthalmological problems. Design: A descriptive design was used. Settings: The study was conducted in the Ophthalmology Outpatient Clinics which are, Ophthalmology Hospital affiliated to El-Mansoura University Hospital, El-Demerdash Hospital, affiliated to Ain Shams University and Children Hospital, Abou El-reesh affiliated to Cairo University. Subjects: A purposive sample that composed of 300 mothers having children with Ophthalmological problems. Tools of data collection involved – a designed questionnaire sheet to assess mothers and their children characteristics and mothers' knowledge about eye problems of their children and its reported practice. Results: Majority of mothers have little awareness about ophthalmological diseases, only 26.7% of mothers were able to correctly define myopia. Half of the studied mothers accurately performed hygiene steps for caring their children eyes. Only nearly one third 30.3% of mothers give their children diet rich with Vitamin A. Conclusion: Majority of mothers have little awareness and knowledge about ophthalmological diseases and this was reflected upon their reported practice in caring of their children with eye diseases. Recommendations: Periodic eye examination for children should be regularly scheduled as means to facilitate early detection and treatment of eye problems such as strabismus, anisometropia and high refractive errors. Training of mothers to improve their practice for caring of children with eye .