Background: One of the most popular surgical procedures performed worldwide is thyroid surgery, which is regarded as the best solution for benign conditions like multinodular goitre with compressive symptoms and thyroid cancer. The most common side effects of thyroid surgery include postoperative haemorrhage, parathyroid insufficiency, and recurrent laryngeal nerve damage. The removal of the glands during surgery may cause hypoparathyroidism. Following thyroidectomy, hypocalcemia is a common consequence that has a high risk of mortality and has been linked to longer hospital stays, postoperative problems, and higher readmission rates. Objective: Assessment of incidence of hypocalcemia as postoperative complication of thyroidectomy operation. Methods: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct for information on hypocalcemia with thyroidectomy. However, only the most current or comprehensive study from February 2004 to July 2022 was considered. The authors also assessed references from pertinent literature. Documents in languages other than English have been disregarded since there aren't enough resources for translation. Unpublished manuscripts, oral presentations, conference abstracts, and dissertations were examples of papers that weren't considered to be serious scientific research. Conclusion: A highly effective and simple predictor of hypocalcemia in individuals undergoing total thyroidectomy is the comparison of the post-operative drop in calcium levels to the immediate pre-operative readings.