In terms of the importance of restoring heritage buildings in Egypt, this research was initiated with the objective of evaluating the effect of usinginvestigating the impact of employing nanatechnology during rehabilitation on the concrete mechanical and physical properties, where Engineering Syndicate Building, in Ramses Square, was taken as a case study. A reseach methodology was planned to encompass theoretical, experimental, analytical and inferential investigations. Throughout the theoretical investigation, literature in the field of restoring heritage buildings and nanothnology were assembled and scrutinized. During the experimental investigation, nanoparticles mixes were produced (i.e. Nano Calcuim carbonate (CaCO3)and Nano kaolin (NK)). In addition, hybrid nanoparticle mixes, with different proportions of nano-CaCo3 and NK, were obtained. For comparison purposes, a reference mix was prepared. Furthermore, the impact of implementing nanoparticles, with different proportions, on concrete mechanical so as physical properties was examined. In addition, employing such mixes in old concrete restoration was investigated. All through the analytical investigation, the results were analyzed and interpreted. During the inferential investigation, conclusions so as recommendations were inferred. The results indicated that adding nanoparticles reduced the concrete workability and its compressive strength, in comparison to the reference mix. Moreover, the reslts designated that the suitable amount of the nano-CaCo3 and NK nanoparticles were 1% and 5%, respectively. On the other hand, the hybrid nanoparticle proper amount was 0.5% for nano-CaCo3 and 4.5% for NK. This proportion increased the hardening; achieved a better compressive strength so as adhesion to heritage building concrete and enhanced water permeability, in comparison to the reference mix. Innovative about this study is prioritizing the suitable nanoparticles proportions to ensure the efficient performance of concrete in heritage building restoration.
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