Aim: This study aimed to investigate the impact of increased body mass index (BMI) of pregnant women on maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Study Design: This is a clinical article prospective study.
Materials and Methods: In a prospective study, a total of 300 pregnant women were recruited. Women were divided into normal-weight group (BMI 18-24.9Kg/m2), overweight group (BMI 25-29.9Kg/m2), and obese group (BMI >or= 30 Kg/m2). All women were followed-up until delivery for maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Results: The obese women had a significantly higher incidence of gestational hypertension than normal-weight women (43.3% versus 15.6%, p =0.002); the incidence of albuminuria was significantly higher in obese women than normal-weight women (11.3% versus 2%: p =0.001). The incidences of gestational diabetes in obese and overweight women were 13.4% and 13.2%, respectively; these incidences were significantly higher than normal weight group 0.1% (p =0.004). Likewise, the incidence of miscarriage was higher in obese and overweight women (4.1% and 9.4%, respectively) than normal-weight women 2% (p=0.003). We found that Apgar scores at the 1st and 5th minute after birth were significantly lower in neonates of obese and overweight women (p =0.004). Likewise, the rate of NICU admission was higher in neonates of obese and overweight women (p =0.002).
Conclusion: In conclusion, there is an obvious impact of increased BMI on the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including both maternal and neonatal outcomes.