Two new Neodymium(III) complexes with ligand, 2,2'-((1E,1'E)-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azaneylylidene)) bis(methaneylylidene)) diphenol (H2L) [Nd(H2L)2Cl2]Cl.H2O, and H2L mixed with imidazole (I) [Nd(H2L)2(I)]Cl3.H2O were prepared and characterized with physicochemical methods were used to clarify the structural makeup of the new compounds. [Nd(H2L)Cl2]Cl.H2O and [Nd(H2L)(I)Cl2]H2O were effective antimicrobials, with larger inhibition zones than the reference antibiotic. The antimicrobial efficacy follows the order: gentamicin > [Nd(H2L)(I)Cl2]H2O > [Nd(H2L)Cl2]Cl.H2O > H2L/I > H2L. The cytotoxicity of ligand, binary and ternary complexes against human liver (Hep-G2) and breast (MDA-MB231) carcinoma cell lines was determined by using cisplatin as reference, the complex of [Nd(H2L)(I)Cl2]H2O exhibited the highest activity against two cell lines